Pharmacokinetics
Service Overview
Through in vitro and in vivo research methods, Acer Biosciences elucidates the in vivo dynamic changes of candidates, obtains fundamental pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters, and clarifies the processes and characteristics of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). We provide critical data support and decision-making basis for early drug screening, candidate optimization, preclinical research, and clinical applications.
Full-Cycle Coverage Across Development Stages
Early Discovery: Lead compound screening.
Early Evaluation: Druggability assessment.
IND Enabling: Preclinical studies.
Clinical Support: Method establishment and bio-sample analysis.
Full Lifecycle: Post-marketing re-evaluation.
Support for Diverse Drug Modalities
Small Molecule Drugs
Biologic drugs: Polypeptides, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.
Complex Delivery Systems: Liposomes, Exosomes.
Emerging Therapies: Conjugated Drugs (ADCs/XDC), Boron Drugs, Cell Therapies.
Advanced Detection Platforms
Mass Spectrometry Technologies: UPLC-MS/MS, ICP-MS, UPLC-HRMS (including TOF and Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometers).
Immunoassay & Molecular Biology Technologies: ELISA, qPCR, Flow Cytometry.
In Vitro ADME Services
Physicochemical Properties: Solubility, stability, lipophilicity, dissociation constant (pKa), etc.
Drug Absorption:
Permeability Studies: Caco-2, MDCK, PAMPA, IVRT/IVPT (in vitro release/percutaneous tests).
Transporter Studies: Evaluation of ABC and SLC class transporters.
Drug Distribution: Plasma protein binding rate, blood-to-plasmaratio.
Drug Metabolism:
Metabolic stability and metabolite identification.
Model Systems: Hepatocytes, microsomes, S9, whole blood, plasma, etc.
Drug-Drug Interactions:
Enzyme-mediated: CYP isoform inhibition/induction, Phase I & II metabolic enzymes.
Transporter-mediated: P-gp, BCRP, OATP, OAT, OCT, MATEs.
Metabolite interaction studies.
In Vivo Pharmacokinetics Studies
Experimental Species:
Rodents: Mice, Rats, Rabbits.
Non-rodents: Dogs, Pigs (Bama minipigs).
Primates: Monkeys (Rhesus, Cynomolgus).
Clinical Samples: Clinical trial sample analysis.
Routes of Administration:
Conventional: IV bolus/infusion, oral gavage, subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intraperitoneal injection.
Special: Sublingual, intra-articular injection, ocular administration.
Formulation Types Supported:
Injections, tablets, drops.
Topical Formulations: Patches, ointments, gels, suppositories.
Special Site Formulations: Ophthalmic preparations, inhalation preparations (nasal/oral).
Sample Types & Matrices:
Body Fluids: Whole blood, plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, gastric fluid, bile, urine.
Tissues & Organs: Core organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, etc.), cular tissues (cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, iris).
Skin Tissues: Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue.
Excreta: Feces.
Special Technique: Microdialysis sampling.
